Job Safety Analysis (JSA) & FHIA

What is a JSA?

A Job Safety Analysis breaks down a task into steps, identifies hazards in each step, and plans controls. It's how sites prevent incidents.

FHIA (Field Hazard Impact Assessment)

Similar to JSA but focuses on high-risk activities (trenching, confined space, blasting, heavy lifts). Mandatory before starting these tasks.

JSA Process

1. List steps: Break job into 5-10 discrete steps (e.g., "Position excavator," "Dig trench," "Install shoring")
2. Identify hazards: What can go wrong in each step? (e.g., "Tip-over," "Utility hit," "Cave-in")
3. Plan controls: What prevents the hazard? (e.g., "Slope <2:1," "Call Dig-Safe," "Install trench box")
4. Communicate: Review with crew before starting
5. Monitor: Enforce controls, adjust if conditions change

Common JSA Hazards (Earthwork)

• Equipment tip-over
• Utility strikes
• Trench cave-in
• Struck-by (blade, bucket, load)
• Operator fatigue
• Weather (rain, heat)